Civil Engineering Essay Example for Free

Civil Engineering Essay Introduction The growth and development of population, the economic and commercial progress, have made the people to be in touch. Also, for the sales of products was necessary to build bridges as an alternative way to those people who didn ´t have boats to transport their products. The bridges have been an amazing advance into the civil engineering field. As the time passed, the bridges were needed for transportation and to be used as communication routes. The bridges have been changing as needed, either to make them more efficient or innovative. Now day civil engineers are not only involved in the measuring, or resistance, but also they care about the aesthetic. There are different types of bridges that marked not only the history but the progress in society. The bridges vary depending on the material with which it is built and the shape they have. Types of bridges: Wood: These bridges are quick to build, and are not too expensive, yet are very resistant and durable, plus they need constant and expensive maintenance. For the ease of being built and cheap were the first bridges that people used. Stone: They are very resistant, compact and durable. Currently construction is very expensive. They do not need much maintenance, since they are very well resistent weathering agents. Metallics: They are built quickly, are expensive and have corrosion as an against factor. Also, their maintenance is expensive. Concrete and steel: They allow varied designs, often support precast, they are resistant, and maintenance costs are low. The functions that bridges have are: Aqueduct: They are used for water conveyance. Viaducts: They are built to have automobile transit. Footbridges: Built for the use of pedestrians only. The way bridges resist their efforts: Beam: They consist of horizontal elements that are supported at their ends on supports or pillars. The force transmitted through the pillar is vertically downwards and, therefore, they are subjected to compression, the beams (horizontal elements) tend to bend as a result of the loads on. Arc: It has 2 divisions. Top board, and Lower board. They consist of a curved section  which rests up on supports or brackets and covering a light or empty space and depending on whether they are above or below the board, is where the arcs are located. Hanging: They consist of a board by hanging by a large number of straps, two large cables that are anchored at the ends of the bridge and held by large towers of concrete or steel. Conclusion: The bridges have served as communication routes, and have had a lot of impact on society and commerce. Bridges are very important in the area of civil engineering, because their work as engineers is to build and make sure that their work is good to use, and efficient. In addition, the bridges have made the civil engineer to worry about the design of buildings and to show them that is important the aesthetic and how innovative is the work.

Family Formations Essay -- Sociology Family Structure

Outline and critically assess the most significant crises, conflicts and changes in family formations over the last two decades (since 1990). Make reference to your own experience, in terms of changes in identity and identifications over time. In order to address the question it is important to present the evidence which shows that there have been conflicts, crises, and changes in society since 1990. It is widely understood there are many formations of the family. This involves the forever changing affects on society which bring us back to the family. This essay will discuss the social changes occur within the family paying particular attention to lone parenthood. It will look at changes to marriage, divorce, births outside marriage and poverty and look at to what extent these changes have had on British society since 1990, and also what these changes have meant to the family within. In Western Society, over the past two decades there has been significant changes in the which the family is forming. We have seen major shifts in the demographic constitution of the family and public policy, especially in terms of their formation and dissolution. As a result of this there is far more diversity in people's domestic and living arrangements compared to how they were earlier in the centuries. It has been noticed over these recent decades that living patterns between individuals are less and less conforming appropriately to the model of the nuclear family leaving some commentators to claim the family is in terminal decline. Increases in divorce, cohabitation, births outside marriage and lone parent families all result in old certainties to family formations being questioned. (Kiernan, 1998) In society, the family is seen as a ... ... London:Family Policy Studies Centre Giddens, A. (2006) Sociology Fifth Edition. Polity Press Bridge Street: Cambridge Cheal,D. (1991) Family and the State of Theory, Harvester Wheatsheaf:Hertfordshire Kiernan,K. Land, and Lewis, J. (1998) Lone Motherhood in Twentieth-Century Britain Clarendon Press: Oxford Parental Divorce in Childhood and Demographic Outcomes in Young Adulthood, Demography, 32: 299-318. Murray, C. (1996a) 'The emerging British underclass', in Lister, R (ed.) Charles Murray and the Underclass: The developing Debate. London: Institute of Economic Affairs Murray, C. (1996b) 'Underclass: the crisis deepens', in Lister, R (ed.) Charles Murray and the Underclass: The developing Debate. London: Institute of Economic Affairs Dallos, R. (1991) Family Belief Systems, Therapy and Change, Milton Keynes: Open University Press

No Child Left Behind Policy Essay

People have been used to announcements of various highly contagious diseases like the H1N1 influenza. A closer look at the course of the events shows that various public policies are instituted or strengthened to enhance control and mitigation of these diseases. What are the implications of these policies to a state like Georgia and Catoosa County in particular? On the same level there are various communication policies that have been instituted or even strengthened to enhance the human development especially with respect to freedom of speech and communication in general (Peterson & West (2003). Education has also been affected in a number of ways by various policies. This paper attempts to assess the impact of the ‘No Child Left Behind† policy on the state of Georgia with an emphasis on the Catoosa County. The â€Å"No Child Left Behind† is a public policy that was established to enhance education and academic development in the United States across all the states. In Georgia, one of the effects of the policy was the formation of charter schools. These are institutions that receive public funding just like other public schools in the public schools system. However, they have considerable reliance on the support of the communities in Georgia. The impact of the ‘No Child Left Behind’ can therefore be looked at in several ways as a multifaceted aspect in the sense of a Georgia community perspective. Given their nature, it would help to look at the financial implications of this policy (Wood & Meier 2004). The fact that these schools have been built because of the policy explains, in part, the positive impact of the policy. Thus, if it can be put in terms of Cost-Benefit Analysis, it would not be difficult to conclude that the force of the positive impact (which is the general development acquired from the more established schools) overweighs what would be though of as a burden (Olivert 2007). These effects are felt throughout Georgia including Catoosa County as small a county as it might be. NCLB are the most recent standard based education reforms that have been legislated by the government towards the No child left behind policy in order to provide measurable goals and high standards to improve productivity of individuals through proper education. Assessment of basic skills is supposed to be conducted by the state to determine the grade standards of educating and funding of education for each student and the school as a whole (Peterson & West (2003). Congress increased funding to education after the inception of the No child Left behind policy by about 40% to make the course more practical and to reach a wider population of students. The local governments were seen to be lax, failing students leading to the intervention of the federal government to push the course for No child Left behind in education to address issues like teachers teaching areas distant from their profession and failure to cater for special education. . Another impact of the policy is on governance. With the implementation of the policy, there were various objectives and targets each community had to achieve. These objectives and targets could only be met if the mode of governance was transformed to match the requirements of the policy (Wood & Meier 2004). While assessing the problems facing the efficiency and effectiveness of the charter schools as a response to the ‘No Child Left Behind’, the Georgia Public Policy Foundation noted that there are problems in governance and financing. This is because it is important that those who are engaged in organizing the charter schools, for instance, must have good knowledge of realms of education and must also be equipped with knowledge in finance (Wright et al 2004). If this is not the case, then they must be in a position to put a team together which is proficient in both aspects. Failure to meet standards of fiscal management will automatically qualify a charter for closure. There has been increased accountability in public schools after the enactment of the NCLB that have in deed significantly contributed to the no child left behind Policy and to improve the standards of education. The students in a particular public school can move to a higher performing school if the assessment finds that they have undergone an adequate yearly progress in consecutive years (Olivert 2007). The policy therefore brings a direct economic connotation to Georgia given that the established charter schools rely on the local governance to survive. Even though there is an economic burden put on the local communities, the policy itself has enabled more development to be achieved. A number of notable ends come from the No child left behind policy including: students outcomes being linked to the state academic standards in regards to the policy framework, the performance of students and their progress in math and reading measured annually to determine if they are within the set standards, parents receive adequate information as this is required of the state and school district and a foundation for parental involvement in the district and state schools affairs is consequently laid (Wood & Meier 2004). Parental involvement is important in promoting proper administration of and improvement of schools as well as check against any misappropriation of funds The No Child left behind is in deed a noble course championed by former president Bush to facilitate the achievement or even surpass the achievement of state standards in line with the federal standards mathematics and reading in the coming decade. Progress is significant in this policy that actually measures the achievement by a state assessment. Reference: Peterson H. & West M. (2003). â€Å"No child left behind? The politics and practice of school accountability,† Brookings Institution Press: New York. Wood H. & Meier D. (2004). â€Å"Many children left behind: how the No Child Left behind Act is damaging our children and our schools,† Beacon Press: New York. Wright D et al. (2004). â€Å"No child left behind,† Harbor House Law Press: New York. Olivert D. (2007). â€Å"No Child Left Behind Act: text, interpretation and changes. † Nova Publishers: New York.

Love Quotes for Him That Melt the Heart

If you have found your  true love, cherish him with your heart and soul. True love is a rare jewel. You are lucky to find one.  He makes your heart dance with joy. He mesmerizes you with his eyes. With him, time melts into nothingness. His touch makes you feel loved; his words soothe your heart. You think about him day and night. His words echo in your head, and you cant help smiling to yourself. You are in love. Wouldnt it be great if you could find a great bunch of love quotes for him that would speak the language of your heart? Have You Met Mr. Right? The first phase of courtship usually lasts a few weeks, perhaps a few months. After dating him for a while, you will know whether he is right for you. You miss him when he is not around. You find yourself keen to be with him again. If you feel a strong attraction towards this special person, you have met Mr. Right. Dont Over Analyze Him Do not waste time in self-doubt and confusion.  I have seen many relationships fail because of too much analysis. Do not overanalyze your relationship using logic or checklists. Let your heart take the lead. While it is natural for lovers to whisper sweet nothings, it is also likely that you have had a few arguments. If you have quarreled about petty matters, do not think that your love has reached a dead-end. You will find that when you make up after a fight, you love each other even more. Erich FrommImmature love says: I love you because I need you. Mature love says: I need you because I love you.Dave BarryWhat women want: To be loved, to be listened to, to be desired, to be respected, to be needed, to be trusted, and sometimes, just to be held. What men want: Tickets for the world series.John KeatsI love you the more in that I believe you had liked me for my own sake and for nothing else.Ralph Waldo EmersonA man is a little thing while he works by and for himself; but when he gives voice to the rules of love and justice, he is godlike.Barbara De AngelisYou never lose by loving. You always lose by holding back.Germaine De StaelLove is the emblem of eternity: it confounds all notion of time: effaces all memory of a beginning, all fear of an end.H. Jackson BrownLove is when the other person’s happiness is more important than your own.Helen KellerThe best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart.Elizab eth BrowningWhat I do and what I dream include thee, as the wine must taste of its own grapes.Roy CroftI love you, not only for what you are, But for what I am when I am with you.Ralph Waldo EmersonThe only true gift is a portion of yourself.John DonneCome live with me, and be my love, and we will some new pleasures prove, of golden sands, and crystal brooks, with silken lines and silver hooks.Vita Sackville-WestI miss you even more than I could have believed; and I was prepared to miss you a good deal.Amy LowellWhen you came, you were like red wine and honey, and the taste of you burnt my mouth with its sweetness. How Do You Know He Is the Man for You? The man you love may not be a handsome prince who sweeps you off your feet. Your love should be your  friend  and confidante. You may not have a whirlwind romance with him, but if he makes you feel secure, he is the man for you.Your lover needs to know how much he means to you. Dont hesitate to say, I love him. Grab the opportunity to express your deepest feelings. Here are some  love quotes  for him. Win over your sweetheart with these love quotes for him. Keep Your Sense of Humor Alive and Kicking Often, you may worry that he doesnt any longer sweep you off your feet. It may seem like the passion is gone. But dont rue that fact, otherwise, you will be condemned to move from one failed relationship to another. Instead, focus on rekindling the relationship. Even if the embers have cooled down, they can be rekindled. Each couple is unique, so I hesitate to dish out relationship advice. But one issue that constantly worries me is that some women regard relationship maintenance to be a mans job — almost exclusively. And that might be the root cause of a lot of relationship problems. Get into the drivers seat, at least once in a while, and everything will be fine again.